Apparatus for making yarn rugs and such like



July 7, 1925. 1,544,895

- w. FELToN ET A1.

, APPARATUS FOR MAKING YARN BUGS AND SUCH LIKE Filed July 9,' 1925 8 shee's-Sheet 1 36 fg 1679 75 4l ,14.

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W. FELTON ET AL APPARATUS FOR MAKING YARN Rugs AND SUCH LIKE Filed July 9. 19283 8 Sheets-Sheet 2\\ OoooooQ oooo'o 0'0 July 7, 1925.

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July 1, 1925. A '1,544,895

W. FELTON "ET AL APPARATUS FOR MAKING YARN RUG-S AND SUCH LIKE Filed July 9,` 1923 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 July 7, 1925.

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w. FE-L'roN ET AL APPARATUS FOR MAKING YARN HUGS ANJ SUCH LIKE Filed July 9. 1925 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 LWN July 7, 1925. 1,544,895

W. FELTON ET AL APPARATUS FUR MAKING YARN RUGS AND SUCVH LIKE v Filed July 9, 1923 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Patented July 7, 1925-.

naires ENGILAD.

Application ined Juiy 9,

To all whom t may concern I Be itknown that We, VILLIAM FELTON and CHARLES VVILLBER, both British subjects',l residing at Radcliffe and Pendleton, respectively, in the county ofV Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and` useful Improvements in Apparatus for' Making Yarn Rugs and Such like, of Which the follwing is a specification.

' rlhis invention relates to apparatus for'- i making rugs, mats and suchlike by mechanisin from c'abled or other yarn or the like inserted andl looped or knotted intocan'va's or itsx eqrva'len'tl and` whereby the yarn .ory

the like is .Fixed .int-he canvas'l and becomes as it were a pile.

Such rugs are at present made by hand* usingja hafted needleI having twol gripping elements one of' which is pivotedf and mov-f' able inknoWn manner. v The object ofour invention isv toprovid'ei a machine forthe'indicated purpose Where'- by such rugs or mats can bei produced by' automatic mechanism onv the supply or' canvas and varn to2themachine.`

lVe attain this object by thex mechanism illustrated in the accompanying eight sheetsof drawings, in Which-: Y

Figure 1 1s a plan view of the lettY handport-ion of a machine formaking yarn rugs" Figure 7 is a vieuv in vertical sect'ifon'on' line 7 7 or" Figure-1 regarded in the direction of the arrow, drawn' tothels'a'me'scale as Figure 2.

Figure. 8 is aA view in vertical section on'V line 8-8 of Figure 1 regarded-in the direc! tion or the arrow.

Figure 9 is a detached planf vieiv draw-n to' a larger scale than the preceding figures, and illustrates a modicfat-ion ina 'construc tional detail. y 1g Y detached front. elevation or" another portion of themachine.

v1923: serial No. 650,261;

lFigure 10 i-s a; detachedJ end view draw'l'i to the same scale as Figure 9, and illustra`.=tesv a modiicationin constructional detail.

Figures 11 to 13 are detached front views'f and 6u Figures 1e andf` lrare detached end views' drawn to a larger scale' than thef other' figures and illustrate theaction off the inail; chineinV cutting thelyarn' and attaching it'` to theb'acking'. A v

F igure' 16'@ is a' detached: plan: vievvl drawn' to" the saine scalev as- Figu'resf 1 to 15, and' illustrates a det'ail Figure 17 is= a detached pla'n view" illus-Y t-rating a constructional detail: l

Referring to the drawings, in the l coni` struction illustrated therein, the supply' of canvas 1l', Figures l1 to' l 15, or other` backing material 1is carried ina-ny suitable Way; AFor example" a roll of canvas: may betlaidT onv supp'ortinglrolls (not shown)l andj led up? Wards over a bar'Q/'van'd then down over' a`v sandA or like roller 3 andupvvards over a=bar 4l capable of slight vertical movements-'When required for a purposeto be explained In addition Wedirect the canvas 1 overal-notch# ed bar provided ,with gaps'i 6 or notches the pitch ofthe gaps 6 corres"pendingr with7 the pitch of the yarn insert-ions and thebar 5 may be bolted to uprights-7 from the main U frame ends 8. y

The yarn 91tobe insertedis'fled from a bobbin (not shoWn)V or other source o'fsup'# p157 and directed through a suitable yarnv guide or guides (not shvvn)l to' al tube or sleeve 10 mounted onfa SlidefOr-carriage'f11@ the tube or sleeve 10 being' adjustable' or other provision made'to 'govern' its" position. A device, such 'as fer examplea spring '12, Figures 6, 7 and 1l isf provided in' c `n1nejcti nr 95" With the tube or sleeve `10 to prevent? the yarn'ivhen inserted inthe tubev or sleeve- 10 from beingpulled backwards. The carriage* 11' slides=on guide rails 13 boltedy to the" framev ends 8. l v

Presuming the yarn to' be" in position; inithe tube-or sleeve 10 and the disposition.o't'`- the mechanisinready for inserting" a= loopl' through' one off the notches 6' in* thev bar 5, then the first operation is that' of drawing"v a length of yarn 9 longitudinally and off the correct length to produce a loop. This isi done by a needlel/l, 15' Which'is advanced upon and guidedbyislid'e bars-16 and conacted on by lspring means which tend to close the pivoted aw 15. When the. needle 14, advances the pivoted jaw 15 is opened by a trip cam 17 suitably supported on' a bracket 18 and the aw 15 is opened against the action of said spring means. r1`he opened jaw 15 after having passed the trip cam 17, closes and seizes'the end of the yarn 9. The needle 14, 15 then commences vto retreat for a predetermined distance and draws with it the yarn 9 and thereby measures a length 9a of yarn.

The needle 14, 15 is carried in a support 19, which is actuated in one direction by a slotted bell-crank lever 20, suitably pivoted at 21 upon the carriage 11 and this bellcrank lever is operated in one direction by a screwed stud 22 on a transverse carriage 23 the actuation in the other direction being by a spring 24 connected to a bracket 25 fixed to the carriage 11 or equivalent. The transverse carriage slides on guides 26. rlhe adjustment for length of draw can be governed by the screwed stud 22 and the provision of an adjustable stop 299 at the rear of Athe slide 19, the trip cam 17 and the tube or sleeve 10 with the blades 38 and 39 and also a stop 203 being correspondingly adjusted to a position which suits the changed length i' i of traverse of the needle 14, 15. The transverse slide is actuated in a manner which will be hereinafter described.

The neXt operation is to stab the meas' ured length 92L of yarn into a pair of jaws 27 carried on a bar or spindle 28 or otherwise, and this is done by a chisel-like plunger 29 oscillatable vertically. The plunger 29 is carried on a lever arm 30 extending laterally from back to front of the machine and ispivoted at 31 on an extension 32 of the main longitudinal carriage 11 and worked by a cam nose 33 on a large spur wheel 34 rotatably mounted on the bracket 32. rilhe jaw 27 may consist of two eleiinents, one movable againstI the action of a spring 35. The spindle 28 is mounted between arms 36 which are fixed to a shaft 37 oscillatably mounted on the carriage 11.

At the same time that the plunger 29 stabs the yarn 9LL into the abeve mentioned jaws 27 the measured length 9a of yarn is severed by a cutting' device, for example, a scissors combination consisting of a` fixed blade 38 and a movable blade The latter is mounted on an arm 40 pivotally mounted at 41 on a bracket 42 fixed to the carriage 11 and actuated by a cam bowl 43 mounted on one limb of a lever combination 44 fulcrnmed at 45 to a bracket 46 fixed to the carriage 11, the other lever arm 44 having a projection 47 which is acted upon in one direction by the arm 30 and in the other direction by a finger 48 fixed to the lever arm 30. rl`he scissors are opened by suitable spring means, fer example a compression spring'200, Figures 1 and 7, seated on the bracket 42 and acting on a stud 201 iiXed to the arm 40.

rlhe needle 14, 15 which has drawn the measured length 9a of yarn through the sleeve 10 is now opened, and this is effected by a lever 49 pivoted at 50 and connecting rod 51 worked by a. bell-cranked lever 52 fulcrumed at 53 from a connecting rod 54 which is adjustable and pivoted at 55 to the lever arm 30.

A compression spring 56 is fitted in connection with the connecting rod 54 to allow of the pivoted lever 49 safely encountering the adjustable stop 203, Figures 1 and 6, which defines its finishing position.

The stabbing of the now severed length 9a of yarn carries the U loop formed down through the jaws 27 to a position just below a transverse needle 57, 58. This done, the chisel-like plunger springs up out of the way, leaving the two ends held in the jaws 27. Before receding, the plunger 29 has forced the loop downwards until its closed end has impinged on a concave platform 59 provided on the end of an arm 60 which is oscillatably mounted at 61 on the carriage 11, thereby forcing the platform and arm 60 downwards with it. A spring 62 tends to lift the arm 60 upwards and the needle 57, 58 by bearing against its upper side prevents lifting thereof beyond a point where the closed end of the loop can come into contact with and force down the platform under the action of the plunger 29. As the plunger 29 is raised the platform 59 follows it until the arm 60 is' stopped by the needle 57, 58 by which time the platform has forced the closed end of the loop upwards and thereby opened out the lower part l of the loop ready for the needle 57, 58 to pass through. r1`he needle 57, 58 then enters the opened part of the loop and this transverse needle consists of a rigid element 57 and a pivoted gripping element 58. The transverse needle passes through the canvas 1 disposed over the notched bar 5 and right through the notch 6, and, at the saine time, the gripping jaws 27 move angularly or downwards, see Figure 14, the downward movement. being due to a connecting rod 63 connected to a lever 64 pivoted at 65 to the carriage 11 and having a cam face 66 acted on by a stop on the carriage 23, when the carriage 23 advances the needle 57, and is returned to its normal position by the action of a spring 67 connected to the carriage 11 and one of the arms 36, when the carriage 23 withdraws. Any tendency of the yarn to slip out of the jaws 27 on the downward movement thereof is prevented by a pin 175 which has one end attached the non-yielding jaw and loosely projects with its other end through a hole in the yielding jaw. At the same time the spindle 37 is moved slightly side-ways or longiturie dinally by a cam 68 which works against a projection 69 on the carriage 11 the side movement being requisite to dispose the transverse needle 57 58 to one side of the outer end of the loop of yarn. The spindle is returned to its normal position by a spring 70, when Athe aws 27 return upwardsto the initial position. The disposition of the needle 57 58 is now' through the loop, and to the side of the turned down or outer end of the loop, the centre of the length being held above the bar by a pair of claws 71, see particularly Figure 16, provided with a shank 204 fixed to the carriage 11. @ne of the claws 71 is fixed and theV other is ar ranged to yield relative to the fixed claw against the action of a spring 172. The transverse needle 57 58 continues its advance, and opens, and is able to embrace the two sides of the loop.

rThe transverse needle 57, 58 is closed by a spring 205, see Figure 17 and opened positively by means which will be hereinafter described. When it reaches the end .of its forwart traverse, it closes and seizes the two sides `of the loop near the ends of the yarn 9 anc draws same from the gripping jaws 27 and pulls same through the canvas and then through the loop and finally from between the claws 71. This has the effect of lrnotting or tieing or threading the ends through the loop of yarn 9a and firmly inthe can-vas and leaving the two free ends to form the pile of .the rug (see Figure rlhe needle 57, 58 continues to retreat and after pulling the 'loop firm and tight, finally .releases the yarn 9a. The means for positively opening the part 58 of the transverse needle 57 58 consists of a bar 72 Figure 1 pivoted at 73 on the transverse carriage 23 the lbar 72 being arranged rto act on the rearward extension G, Figure 17, of the part 58 which is pivoted` at 207 to the part 57 acted upon by small pivoted cam or trip 74: Figurel horizontally or otherwise disposed and operating .the bar 72 through the mediumr of a finger 210 provided on the bar 72, whilst the needle is finally opened by a fixed adjustable cam 75 co-opera`ting with the linger 210 provided on the bar 72. This completes the* insertion of one loop. The transverse carriage 23 it may be stated here'is actuated by a connecting rod 76 from the spur wheel 34.

rEhe next operation is to traverse the loop inserting mechanism a notch or the pitch distance along the notched bar 5, and this is done by traversing the carriage 11 in the following manner.

On the base of the transverse carriage 23 is a wedge shaped p late 77, Figure 8, which bearsagainst two bowls 78 applied to two levers 7 9 fulcrumed on the carriage 11 towards the front of the machine. These levers 79 are horizontally disposed and they either side of the transverse carr bear against studs 80 fined in levers 8l which are approxin'iately vertical, the levers 81 being ul'l'ed towards eachother by a spring 82 and carrying .pawls 83, 8e one on iage rlhe pawls 83, 84 rest simultaneously von one of two longitudinally arranged racks 85, 86 respectively having oppositely disposed teeth. .in Figure 8 a portion of the rack 85 is shown broken olf to expose the rack 86. llVhen the vtransverse carriage 23 moves backwards, on Ithe completion of the insertion of a loop, the wedge plate 77 acts through the pivoted levers 80 and 81 on the pawls 83 and 84 and pushes the longitudinal arriage 11 end-on to the extent of a tooth. rEhe displacement of the carriage taken place owing to the nose of the pawl 83 bedding in a tooth of the rack 85 whilst the pawl 8a slides over the teeth of the rack 85. Therefore. under pressure from the wedge plate 77, the longitudinal carriage 11 must move towards the left-hand of .Figure 8 to the extent of one tooth which is vequivalent 'to the extent of the pitch of the notches in the front notch plate 6. The purpose of the rack 86 is to serve when trie longitudinal carriage 11 is to move in vthe other direction as will be hereinafter explained.

A positioning device is vrequisite to ensure the exact registering ofthe transverse needle 57, 58 with its particular notch, and this may consistof ball recesses 88 accurately pitched apart, and provided in the -top of the front guide rail 13. A ball 89 on the carriage 11 works in connection therewith. Vf'hen the transverse carriage 23 moves bach, it releases a lever 90 which during insertion of a loop presses on the bal-l 89 under the action thereon ofthe front lower edge of the plate 77. On release of the lever -90 it permits of longitudinal `movement vof the carriage 11, whilst when the transverse carriage'23 moves forward with the transverse need-le 57, 58 it acts on the lever90 vto hold the ball in lits particular recess and so lock the carriage 11 with the transverse carriage in exact register.

When the loops have been inserted to the desired width of the rug a reversal of the carriage 11 is necessary as is obvious, and this is arranged for at any width by the attachment of adjustable dummy teeth 91, 82 in the form of clamps on the racks 85 and 86 respectively which malte up the particularrach tooth section to produce blanks wherever the dummy teeth are set. When the transverse carriage 23 advances for the last time during a complete traverse a projection 93 .from the ytransverse carriage rides past Aan adjustable linger Qretl on a top shaft 95 and gets in front thereof. When the transverse carriage 23 moves back it acts `on the finger 911 andinoveste shaft and at the same time owing .to the presence of the dummy teeth 91 and 92 respectively the longitudinal carrirrge 11 is not moved by the pawls 83 and 84 respectively. This ensures that t-he next row of loops shall be correctly inserted in equal number and absolutely alignable.

lVhen the top shaft 95 is actuated, it pulls on a connection to a fulcrumed lever 9? and raises a pin 98 on one end of the lever 97 which works to a cam 99 inconnection with the part 102 of' a double clutch combination 100,101,102. lt also lowers the other end of the lever 92' below a spring pressed nosed lever 103 or latch and the lever also acts through an adjustable pin 104 on a pivoted lever 105 to disengage the part 100 oi the clutch combination 100, 101, 102 by the action of a pin 107 provided on the lever 105 and acting on the cam 106. The part is fixed to a shaft 108 located in a continuous manner from a driving shaft 109 through toothed gear 110. rllhe cam 106 is fined to the part vwhich is rotatably and slidably mounted on the shaft 108, a spring 111 being provided to tend to retain the part 100 in engagement with the part 101. 'lhe cam 99 is fixed to the part 102 which is slidably mounted on a sleeve 115 rotatinoa in a. bracket 173 and supporting the shaft 108 which rotates freely in the sleeve, a spring 112 being provided which tends to retain the part 102 in engagement with the part 101. Apinion wheel 113 is fixed to the cam 106 and a gear wheel 114 is rigidly connected mounted on the sleeve 115. The gear wheel 114 meshes with a pinion 116 fixed on a shaft 117 provided with an elongated pinion 118 meshing with the wheel 34.

The hereinhefore described action of the shaft 95 result-s in engagement of the part 100 with, and disengagement of the part 102 from the driving part 101. Disenga-gement of the part 102 results in a stoppage oi. the wheel 114 and the drive of the wheel 34 thus remains out of action whilst a large spur wheel 119 fixed on a short shaft 120 and meshing with a pinion, 113, makes a half' revolution. When the spur wheel 119 has made half a revolution one of two pins 121 thereon, by impinging against an arm 122 on a shaft 123 carrying the lever 103 trips the nosed lever or latch 103, thereby releases the leverl 97 which returns to its initial position, and allows the spring 112 to re-engage the part 99, thereby rta-establishing the drive of the carriage 23. it the same time the lever 97 releases the lever 105 and allows a spring to move the lever into action, thereby causing the part 100 to become disengaged against the action of the spring 111. l/Vhilst the wheel 119 was making its half revolution it effected movement of'the two rack bars 85 and 86 that is to say it brought the rack bar 85 out of and the rack bar 86 into register with the pawls 83 and 84. This moveand 86 on lever arms 125 fixed to a shaft 126 mounted in bearings 127 and providing a crank pin 128 on the end of the shaft 120 to engage a slot 129 in one of the arms 125. The carriage 11 is now caused to travel in opposite direction by the action ot' the pawls on the rack bar 86. The shaft 95 is returned to its normal position by a spring 133.

1n order to lift the completed line of loops out o1: the notches in the notched bar and present a fresh part of the canvas to the needle 57, 58 betere the carriage 23 again moves we provide automatic mechanism. This may consist ot the edged slide bar 4 which is mounted in juXta-position to the notched bar 5 and is guided by vertical spindles 130 (one at each end) such spindles being pivotally connected at 131 to lever arms 132 on a longitudinal sha'l't 134. On the end ot the longitudinal shaft 134 is a two armed lever 135, Figure 3. @ne arm has a bit 136 fixed upon it and is acted upon by a cam 137 on the shaft 120. The cam 137 has two depressions in its surface and when the bit 136 is forced by rotation of the cam out ot either of these depressions, the two armed lever 135 turns the shaft 134 and arms 131 to raise the spindles 130 and slide bar 4. rllhe slide bar 4 thus lifts the canvas until the last produced row of loops of yarn is raised clear of the notches 6. At the same time the two armed lever 135 is raised against the action of a spring 138 and operates to lift a peg 139 on a lever* 140 connected by a link 141 to the lever 135 out of one of a series ot' notches 142 in a wheel 143 on the shaft of the sand roller 3 over which the canvas passes. Thus the roller 3 is free to rotate. At the same time the take-up mechanism is actuated which take-up mechanism may consist of a roller or rollers 144 through which the canvas passes after leaving the bar 5. The manner ot its working can be as follows.

We provide on the shaft 120 a cam 145 with two breaks and two enlargements thereon and such enlargements act on a bellcrank lever 146 held up by a spring V147 the lever 146 having a bowl for thecam 145 to bear on. rEhe lever 146 is jointed by a link 148 to a further lever 149 pivoted at 151 which has a pawl 150 and works a ratchet wheel 152 on one of the hatching rollers 144, a check pawl 153 being also provided. Thus, during a halt` revolution ot the wheel 119, elevation and disengagement ot' the line of. loops occurs and a feed of the finished rug to the extent of the distance the line of loops is effected. rEhe sand roller 3 and the taking-up rollers 144 are connected together at the opposite end by sprocket wheels 154 and a slack chain 155, see Figure 5. It is to be understood that the change-over of the driving gear for the longitudinally moving carriage 11, the movement of the rack bars 85, 86, the elevationl and such counter-shaft may drive through a small pinion a larger pinion on the clutch shaft 108.` The counter-shaft 109 is shown as having fast and loose pulleys 156 and a strap lever 15'? adapted to be controlled by means of a longitudinally swinging bar 158' from any part of the front of they appa. ratus.-

As the transverse carriage 28 and. the longitudinally moving carriage 11V arey trav-A ersed it is obvious the spur pinion 64 is always in gear with theV elongated pinion 118r the teeth of the latter exceeding the length the carriage 11 traverses. The use of this elongated 'pinion is considered a'n important matter as we find slipfeather and groove devices do not work well.

By our apparatus we produce a perfectly automatic mechanism which will prodaice' rugs or mats` of various lengths. or widths within the range of the machine and in which the yarn is fed, measured cut-off inserted and knotted or looped and the change over, and take-up is properly provided for as above indicated.

By providing a long bed, we may arrangel to worktwo or more` carriages upon the' same, that is have one carriage to work a i' portion of the width and another-'carriage another portion', but this is only an exten? sion of apparatus above indicated.

In Figure 9 we have illustrated an alterna:- tive construction of means for actuating the yarn feed needle 14, 15, in which the slide 19 is moved positively in both directions by means of a slotted lever '159 mounted at 160 on the carriage 11 by a vertical pivot and provided withy abowl 161 engaging the slot 162 of a positive caml 163-. The cam 1%63l is fixed onv a short shaft 164 journ'alled in bearings provided on the carriage 11 and is driven from the pinion 118 by suitable gearings.' Alternatively the cam 163 may be fixed to the shaft which carries the gear wheel 34, the said shaft being extendedl for the purpose.

In Figure 10 we have illustratedv another met-hold of operating the yarnv cutting means in which the oscillatable blade 39' of thescissors 38, 39 is connected by a link 165 to:

a lever 166 pivoted at 167 toua'l bracket 168 fixed on the carriage 11. A disc 169 is provided on a shaft 174 mounted in the bracket 168 and is connected to the wheel 34 by the crank pin which connects the rod 7 6 to the wheel 34. The disc 169 has fixed' to.' it a crank pin 170 carrying ank ant'ifrictiont `roller and adapted te' oscillate the lever 166 in one Question and thereby ast/rate the blade 39 tozcut the yarn.y The leverl166, and 'blade 39 arei returned to their initialrposition by a spring 171.` V

XVe desire it tojbe understood thatv we believe automatic apparatus isV entirely new for thev production of yarn rugs and such like wherein the yarn is knotted and that we therefore do not limit our claims tothe construction hereinbefore stated of` mechanism as there are other constructions serving the same purpose which fall within the spiritj of our invention. y

Amongst other articles, yarn rugs, mats, carpets, bed covers, chair orl couch backs,v and so forth may be provided by our ap-l paratus. Y

We claim 1. An apparatus for making yarn rugs and such like comprising supporting means for supporting the foundation where the yarn is-to be applied7 feed means for moving the foundation',A means for holding thel yarn in a* continuous form, measuring means-for measuring and bringing into position a part of theyarn, cutting means for dividing the saidpart from the yarn, bending.v means for bending the said part into a loop, gripping! means for holding theends of the said part, actuating means for displacing the gripping means to bend the. loop, actuating means for displacing one portion of the loop relatively' v to the'other portion, a needle forv penetrating the foundationand engaging the said loop' needle .actuating means for pushing the needle through one portion of the loop'an'd the foundation and` then withdrawingV it from the foundation and grippingmeans on the said needle actuated to grip a part of the loop before theneedle is withdrawn whereby the yarn is automatically cut to the .desired length',Y attached toY the foundation andknotted.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a mechanismv is provided forv opening one part of the loop to facilitate the passage of the needle therethrough.

3.' An apparatusv according to clfaim 1, wherein means' is provided for loosely retaining the yarn loop in positionl at one point when the loop is bent. l

4'; An apparatus tor making yarn 'rugs and such like, comprising supporting means for supporting the foundation where the' yarn' is to be applied, feed means for movin-'g the foundation,l means for holding the yarn' in a continuous form', measuring means for measuring andA bringing into position' apart ofthe yarn, cutting means vfor separating thev said part n from the' yarn-,1 bending means for bending the ksaid part'into a loop, grip'-Y ping means' for holding the ends of the said part, actuating means for displaing the' gripping means to bend theloop,l aetuating means for displall'g ,one portion ofthe loop relatively `to the etherl portion, a yarn a1;-l

CII

taching needle for engaging the said loop and gripping a part thereo a laterally reciprocatory carriage carrying the said needle, a longitudinally traversable carriage carrying the first named carriage, and a ratchet rack mechanism for producing an intermittent displacement of the second named carriage from the lateral movement of the first named carriage and thereby causing the said needle to act on different parts of the foundation.

5. An apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the ratchet rack mechanism comprises two ratchet-toothed racks co-operating alternately7 with pawls on the second named carriage operated by means on the first named carriage, the said racks having their teeth pointing in opposite directions and being intermittently brought into action by a mechanism arranged to be set in motion by the movement of the first named slide after the second named slide has moved a predetermined distance in either direction whereby the movement of the second named carriage is reversed when the needle or one of the needles has reached the edge of the foundation.

6. An apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the said ratchet rack mechanism is operatively connected to means for feedingV the foundation, whereby the foundation is intermittently fed to present a fresh part to the needle or needles when the movement of the second named carriage is reversed.

7. An apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the said ratchet raclr mechanism controls the transverse movement of the first named carriage by causing the said movement to be continuous until the second named carriage is reversed and stopping the first named carriage whilst effecting reversal of the second named carriage.

8, An apparatus according` to claim l wherein the said ratchet rack mechanism comprises a clutch combination composed of three parts, one of which is continuously driven and the second and third of which are intermittently driven by the first part, the second part being geared to a shaft connected to two ratchetracks to oscillate them and the third part being operatively connected to the rst named carriage to reciprocate it, lever means being provided to move the second and third parts alternately out of action and said lever means being moved into operative position by oscillatory means actuated by the movement of the first named carriage at the end of each predetermined traverse-ofthe second named carriag'e and being released from the operative position by means operated from the second part after a predetermined degree of move: ment of the second part. I

9, An apparatus for making'yarn rugs and such like, comprising a notched bar for supporting the foundation in a folded over state, plunger means for folding the yarn into a loop, a pair of movable relatively yielding liaws for receiving the loop between them and holding the ends thereof together, Y

approximately level with the closed end thereof but are disposed at the opposite side of the bar to the said closed end and out of register with the vertical centre line of the said end, areciprocatory piercing needle for engaging the closed end of the loop and penetrating the foundation, a movable finger on the needle for gripping the ends of the loop between it and the needle, actuating means for with drawing the said needle from the foundation and loop whilst the said ends remain gripped between the finger and the needle, and finger actuating means for releasing the said ends from between the nger and the needle.

10. An apparatus for Vmaking yarn rugs and such like, comprising a holder provided for the yarn to pass through in continuous form; means on the holder for allowing yarn -to slip through it in one direction'only; a reciprocatory gripping device for gripping the end of the yarn and drawing a predetermined length thereof through the holder, automatic 'severing means on the holder for cutting off the length of yarn drawn through the holder; and automatic attaching and knotting means for attaching the cut length of yarn to a foundation and forming a knot in the piece.

ll. An apparatus according to claim 9 wherein all the mechanical parts referred to therein are carried by a carriage adapted to be mechanically moved to and fro between the edges of the foundation, the said needle mechanism being carried by an auxiliary carriage reciprocated on the main carriage at right angles to the movement of the main carriage by a connecting rod connected to a gear wheel meshing with and moved longitudinally on an elongated spur wheel extending beyond both edges of the foundation.

Signed at Manchester, in theV county of Lancaster, England.

WILLIAM.' FELTON. CHARLES WILLBER. Witnesses: L ALFRED BossHARDT, EDITH LILI AN WooDwARo, 

